Iznik 2025-The Anniversary of the First Council of Nicaea and Its Impact on Turkey

— by Mahammad Ahmadov — The fact that the Pope, the most prominent leader of the Catholic Church, made his first foreign visit to Turkey has caused much debate. What was the purpose of…

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Beyond the Constitution: The Surge in the Erosion of Presidential Term Limits in Africa

— by Oscar Nanjia Songe — Introduction Presidential term limits in Africa, like those in other parts of the world, serve as important political checks and balances, providing agency and establishing essential rules to…

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Manufactured Consent 2.0: Propaganda in the Globalized Public Sphere

In the digital age, traditional propaganda has evolved into a sophisticated form of consent manufacturing, driven by transnational corporations, elite institutions, and algorithmic systems. This article revisits Noam Chomsky and Edward Herman’s “Manufacturing Consent”…

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Beyond Iraq: the US Invasion and its Implications

— by Joelle Al Kontar — On march 20, 2003 the United States has invaded Iraq by claims of weapons of mass destruction and regime change. In invading Iraq, Bush and his advisers began…

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